Improving cold chain with BioPCM®- platform based Apollo™ Smart Panels

Real-world testing of phase change materials to help reduce cold chain breaches in primary care refrigeration

Status: Completed
Share:

Insight

Typically, vaccines are required to be stored between 2°C and 8°C in order to maintain their ability to provoke an immune response in the body [1].

Exposure to temperature outside of the recommended range for more than 20 minutes is classified as a cold chain breach. In 2022 alone, NHS England reported that cold chain breaches resulted in vaccines worth £2.9 million being wasted [2].

Cold chain breaches also cause costly and time-consuming challenges in primary care – not only liaising with vaccine manufacturers and assessing the affected vaccine’s efficacy, but also replacing stocks and reporting to ImmForm (a platform to record vaccine uptake data). Further, existing pharmacy grade fridges have been observed to maintain temperatures below 8oC for only up to one hour following power loss, exacerbating the risk of cold chain breaches.

Intervention

Phase change materials (PCMs) are substances which absorb or release large amounts of heat when they go through a change in their physical state, i.e., from solid to liquid and vice versa.

Phase Change Solutions is a global leader in temperature control and energy-efficient solutions, using PCM’s. Their solution, the Apollo™ Smart Panel is made from proprietary PCMs, referred to as BioPCM®. BioPCM® is made entirely from plant-based materials and is USDA (U.S. Department of Agriculture) certified with 100% biobased content.

An Apollo BioPCM Smart Panel
An Apollo BioPCM Smart Panel

Health Innovation East worked alongside Phase Change Solutions to evaluate the effectiveness of Apollo™ Smart Panels at maintaining an acceptable temperature range in pharmacy fridges in the event of a cold chain breach (e.g. a prolonged power outage).

To test the Apollo™ Smart Panel in a real-world setting, a trial was hosted in three GP surgeries within the WGGL Primary Care Network (PCN).

Health Innovation East conducted a series of 12 test cycles with two identical fridges (a test fridge and a control fridge) in each of the GP surgeries to simulate a prolonged power outage in a primary care setting. The test fridge was fitted with five Apollo™ Smart Panels whereas the control fridge remained empty. In each test cycle (12 cycles) the fridges were simultaneously switched off for a 24-hour period.

Impact

Results show that the test fridges fitted with the five Apollo™ Smart Panels were able to maintain their temperature more effectively than their matched control fridge (without the panels). The fridges equipped with the Apollo™ Smart Panels took an average of seven hours longer than the control fridge (in the bottom shelf) to breach a threshold of 8°C.

The results show that widespread adoption of Apollo™ Smart Panels across primary care settings could offer surgeries and health centres significantly more time to safeguard their vaccines in scenarios involving extended power outages. Care homes could also benefit from this technology as both food and medicine storage are required to be carefully regulated. Equally, in hospital settings medicines need to be stored within strict temperature ranges.

“As a practice which has had a significant cold chain breach due to an external power cut in the past, we were incredibly keen to participate in the PCS panels trial. Our experience of a cold chain breach and the process that followed was lengthy and involved, this took valuable time away from the day-to-day care of our patients and involved contacting all vaccine companies and the local immunisation team to ensure ongoing safety with the vaccinations involved. Anything that would enable longer cold stability in the fridges if this happened again would be a very valuable tool. The trial was easy to conduct and we had excellent support from the team. The results look fantastic and we as a team feel that the PCS panels have been a great success.”

– Lead Practice Nurse, WGGL PCN

Read the evaluation report

Read the full evaluation report: ‘Trialling Apollo™ Smart Panels in NHS primary care settings’ here.

References

[1] East Screening and Immunisation Team. (2021). Vaccine Storage and Handling – Cold Chain Policy. NHS England and NHS Improvement – East Public Health England – East of England. https://www.england.nhs.uk/east-of-england/wp-content/uploads/sites/47/2022/07/East-Cold-Chain-Policy-April-2021-v5-6.pdf

[2] Vaccine update: issue 338, May 2023. (2023, May 31). GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/vaccine-update-issue-338-may2023/vaccine-update-issue-338-may-2023

You might also like…

Thermometer held in front of pharmacy fridge
Trial of green technology in primary care

Using innovative insulation to improve energy efficiency and reduce wastage in medical fridges.

Read more

Medicines in medical fridge
Keeping it cool

Remote temperature monitoring with Invisible Systems.

Read more

Why this impact story is relevant to you

Innovators

Health Innovation East brings the right people together to create the right conditions for collaboration. We build lasting partnerships to deliver maximum benefits for all. We can support with the evaluation of innovations to demonstrate value.Get involved

Healthcare providers

We can connect you with innovators with solutions to meet your healthcare challenges. We match our smartest people with the smartest ways to make an impact.Get involved

Newsletter